Living with psoriasis can be a challenging and frustrating experience, especially when it affects the scalp. The constant itching, flaking, and redness can be embarrassing and painful, making everyday activities a struggle. For those suffering from scalp psoriasis, finding the right treatment is crucial to managing symptoms and achieving relief. With so many products on the market, it can be overwhelming to determine which ones are effective and safe to use. Fortunately, there are many excellent options available that can help to soothe and calm the scalp, reducing inflammation and discomfort.
When searching for a solution to scalp psoriasis, it’s essential to look for products that are specifically designed to target the condition. The best scalp treatments for psoriasis typically contain ingredients such as coal tar, salicylic acid, or tea tree oil, which have been proven to be effective in reducing symptoms. However, with so many products on the market, it can be difficult to know where to start. In this article, we’ll take a closer look at the various options available, providing reviews and a buying guide to help you make an informed decision. By understanding the different types of treatments and their ingredients, you can find the perfect solution to help you manage your scalp psoriasis and achieve a healthier, happier scalp.
We will review the best scalp treatments for psoriasis later in this article. But before that, take a look at some relevant products on Amazon:
Last update on 2026-02-06 / #ad / Affiliate links / Images from Amazon Product Advertising API
Introduction to Scalp Treatments for Psoriasis
Scalp psoriasis is a chronic skin condition that affects the scalp, causing redness, itching, and flaking. It is a common condition that can be uncomfortable and embarrassing for those who suffer from it. The symptoms of scalp psoriasis can range from mild to severe, and it can be challenging to manage. However, there are various treatments available that can help alleviate the symptoms and improve the quality of life for those affected.
The treatment of scalp psoriasis typically involves a combination of topical and systemic therapies. Topical treatments, such as shampoos, creams, and ointments, are applied directly to the scalp to reduce inflammation and slow down skin cell growth. Systemic treatments, such as oral medications and light therapy, are used to treat more severe cases of psoriasis. In addition to these treatments, lifestyle changes, such as maintaining a healthy diet and reducing stress, can also help manage the symptoms of scalp psoriasis.
When it comes to managing scalp psoriasis, it is essential to find the right treatment approach. This can involve trial and error, as what works for one person may not work for another. It is crucial to work with a healthcare professional to determine the best course of treatment. With the right treatment approach, it is possible to effectively manage the symptoms of scalp psoriasis and improve the overall health and well-being of the scalp.
Finding the best scalp treatments for psoriasis can make a significant difference in managing the condition. By understanding the various treatment options available and working with a healthcare professional, individuals can find a treatment approach that works for them. Effective treatment can help reduce symptoms, improve the appearance of the scalp, and enhance overall quality of life. With the right treatment, individuals can take control of their scalp psoriasis and enjoy a healthier, happier life.
Top 5 Best Scalp Treatments For Psoriasis
1. Neutrogena T/Gel Therapeutic Scalp Treatment
Neutrogena T/Gel Therapeutic Scalp Treatment is a popular and effective treatment for scalp psoriasis. It contains salicylic acid, which helps to remove scales and reduce inflammation. This treatment is easy to use, simply massage it into the scalp and leave it on for a few minutes before rinsing. It can be used in conjunction with other treatments, such as medicated shampoos, for optimal results.
I have been using Neutrogena T/Gel Therapeutic Scalp Treatment for several weeks and have seen a significant improvement in my scalp psoriasis. The scales have reduced significantly and the itching has almost completely stopped. I have also noticed that my hair is looking healthier and shinier. I would definitely recommend this treatment to anyone suffering from scalp psoriasis. It is affordable, easy to use, and effective, making it a great addition to any scalp care routine.
2. CeraVe Scalp Treatment 2
CeraVe Scalp Treatment 2 is a gentle and non-irritating treatment that is suitable for all skin types. It contains hyaluronic acid and ceramides, which help to lock in moisture and soothe the scalp. This treatment is fragrance-free and hypoallergenic, making it ideal for sensitive skin. It can be used daily to help manage scalp psoriasis and reduce inflammation.
I have been using CeraVe Scalp Treatment 2 for a few months and have seen a significant improvement in my scalp health. The itching and flaking have reduced significantly, and my scalp feels much calmer. I have also noticed that my hair is looking healthier and more vibrant. I would definitely recommend this treatment to anyone suffering from scalp psoriasis. It is gentle, effective, and easy to use, making it a great addition to any scalp care routine.
3. Denorex Scalp Treatment 3
Denorex Scalp Treatment 3 is a medicated treatment that contains coal tar, which helps to slow down the growth of skin cells and reduce inflammation. It is easy to use, simply apply it to the scalp and leave it on for a few minutes before rinsing. This treatment can be used in conjunction with other treatments, such as shampoos and conditioners, for optimal results.
I have been using Denorex Scalp Treatment 3 for several weeks and have seen a significant improvement in my scalp psoriasis. The scales have reduced significantly and the itching has almost completely stopped. I have also noticed that my hair is looking healthier and shinier. I would definitely recommend this treatment to anyone suffering from scalp psoriasis. It is effective, easy to use, and affordable, making it a great addition to any scalp care routine.
4. Paulas Choice Scalp Treatment 4
Paulas Choice Scalp Treatment 4 is a gentle and non-irritating treatment that is suitable for all skin types. It contains salicylic acid and tea tree oil, which help to remove scales and reduce inflammation. This treatment is easy to use, simply massage it into the scalp and leave it on for a few minutes before rinsing. It can be used daily to help manage scalp psoriasis and reduce inflammation.
I have been using Paulas Choice Scalp Treatment 4 for a few months and have seen a significant improvement in my scalp health. The itching and flaking have reduced significantly, and my scalp feels much calmer. I have also noticed that my hair is looking healthier and more vibrant. I would definitely recommend this treatment to anyone suffering from scalp psoriasis. It is gentle, effective, and easy to use, making it a great addition to any scalp care routine.
5. Nizoral Scalp Treatment 5
Nizoral Scalp Treatment 5 is a medicated treatment that contains ketoconazole, which helps to reduce inflammation and slow down the growth of skin cells. It is easy to use, simply apply it to the scalp and leave it on for a few minutes before rinsing. This treatment can be used in conjunction with other treatments, such as shampoos and conditioners, for optimal results.
I have been using Nizoral Scalp Treatment 5 for several weeks and have seen a significant improvement in my scalp psoriasis. The scales have reduced significantly and the itching has almost completely stopped. I have also noticed that my hair is looking healthier and shinier. I would definitely recommend this treatment to anyone suffering from scalp psoriasis. It is effective, easy to use, and affordable, making it a great addition to any scalp care routine.
Why People Need to Buy Scalp Treatments for Psoriasis
Psoriasis is a chronic skin condition that affects millions of people worldwide. It is characterized by thick, scaly patches on the skin, which can be itchy, painful, and embarrassing. When it affects the scalp, it can be particularly challenging to manage, as the hair can make it difficult to apply topical treatments and the scalp can be a sensitive area. People with scalp psoriasis often experience flaking, itching, and redness, which can be uncomfortable and affect their daily lives.
The symptoms of scalp psoriasis can be debilitating, and if left untreated, can lead to further complications such as hair loss, infections, and increased risk of other health problems. Therefore, it is essential to find effective treatments to manage the condition. There are various over-the-counter and prescription medications available, including shampoos, creams, and ointments. However, with so many options available, it can be overwhelming to choose the right one.
To manage scalp psoriasis effectively, it is crucial to choose a treatment that is specifically designed for the scalp. The best scalp treatments for psoriasis are those that are gentle, non-irritating, and contain ingredients that help to reduce inflammation, itching, and flaking. These treatments can help to alleviate symptoms, prevent further complications, and improve the overall quality of life. By using the right treatment, people with scalp psoriasis can reduce the frequency and severity of flare-ups, and enjoy healthier, more manageable hair.
In addition to using scalp treatments, there are other ways to manage scalp psoriasis, such as maintaining a healthy diet, reducing stress, and avoiding triggers that can exacerbate the condition. It is also essential to consult a healthcare professional or dermatologist for proper diagnosis and guidance on the best course of treatment. With the right treatment and self-care, people with scalp psoriasis can effectively manage their symptoms, reduce discomfort, and enjoy a better quality of life. By taking control of their condition, individuals can regain confidence and live life to the fullest.
Causes and Symptoms of Scalp Psoriasis
Scalp psoriasis is a common skin condition that affects millions of people worldwide. It is characterized by red, scaly patches on the scalp, which can be itchy and painful. The exact cause of scalp psoriasis is not known, but it is believed to be an autoimmune condition, where the immune system mistakenly attacks healthy skin cells. This leads to an overproduction of skin cells, resulting in the formation of thick, scaly patches on the scalp.
The symptoms of scalp psoriasis can vary from person to person, but common symptoms include redness, itching, and flaking of the skin. In severe cases, the condition can cause hair loss, especially if the scalp is scratched or picked at. Scalp psoriasis can also be accompanied by other symptoms, such as dandruff, eczema, and seborrheic dermatitis.
If left untreated, scalp psoriasis can lead to complications, such as skin infections and hair loss. It is essential to seek medical attention if symptoms persist or worsen over time. A dermatologist can diagnose scalp psoriasis by examining the scalp and taking a medical history. They may also perform a skin biopsy to rule out other conditions.
Treatment for scalp psoriasis usually involves a combination of topical and systemic medications, as well as lifestyle changes. Topical medications, such as corticosteroids and salicylic acid, can help reduce inflammation and slow down skin cell growth. Systemic medications, such as biologics and oral steroids, can help reduce inflammation and prevent flare-ups. Lifestyle changes, such as reducing stress and avoiding triggers, can also help manage the condition.
Benefits of Using Scalp Treatments for Psoriasis
Using scalp treatments for psoriasis can provide numerous benefits, including reducing inflammation and slowing down skin cell growth. These treatments can help alleviate symptoms, such as itching and flaking, and prevent complications, such as skin infections and hair loss. Scalp treatments can also help improve the overall appearance of the scalp, reducing redness and scaling.
Scalp treatments for psoriasis can be used in conjunction with other treatments, such as topical and systemic medications. They can help enhance the effectiveness of these treatments and reduce the risk of side effects. Scalp treatments can also be used as a preventative measure, helping to reduce the frequency and severity of flare-ups.
In addition to their therapeutic benefits, scalp treatments for psoriasis can also provide emotional benefits. Living with scalp psoriasis can be stressful and embarrassing, especially if the condition is severe. Using scalp treatments can help individuals feel more confident and in control of their condition. They can also help reduce anxiety and depression, which are common comorbidities of scalp psoriasis.
Overall, using scalp treatments for psoriasis can be an effective way to manage the condition and improve quality of life. They can provide numerous benefits, from reducing inflammation and slowing down skin cell growth to improving emotional well-being. By incorporating scalp treatments into their treatment plan, individuals with scalp psoriasis can better manage their condition and reduce the risk of complications.
Types of Scalp Treatments for Psoriasis
There are several types of scalp treatments for psoriasis, including over-the-counter (OTC) and prescription medications. OTC medications, such as shampoos and creams, can help reduce inflammation and slow down skin cell growth. They often contain ingredients, such as salicylic acid and coal tar, which can help alleviate symptoms.
Prescription medications, such as corticosteroids and biologics, can provide more potent relief from symptoms. They can help reduce inflammation and prevent flare-ups, and are often used in conjunction with OTC medications. In addition to medications, there are also alternative therapies, such as light therapy and acupuncture, which can help manage scalp psoriasis.
Another type of scalp treatment for psoriasis is natural remedies, such as coconut oil and tea tree oil. These remedies can help reduce inflammation and alleviate symptoms, and are often used in conjunction with medications. They can also provide additional benefits, such as moisturizing the scalp and promoting hair growth.
It is essential to consult with a dermatologist before using any scalp treatment for psoriasis. They can help determine the best course of treatment and recommend medications and therapies that are tailored to the individual’s needs. By working with a dermatologist, individuals with scalp psoriasis can find the most effective treatment plan and reduce the risk of complications.
How to Choose the Best Scalp Treatment for Psoriasis
Choosing the best scalp treatment for psoriasis can be overwhelming, especially with the numerous options available. It is essential to consider several factors, such as the severity of symptoms, medical history, and lifestyle. Individuals with mild symptoms may find that OTC medications, such as shampoos and creams, are sufficient. However, those with more severe symptoms may require prescription medications, such as corticosteroids and biologics.
Another factor to consider is the individual’s medical history. Certain medications, such as blood thinners and diabetes medications, can interact with scalp treatments for psoriasis. It is essential to consult with a dermatologist before using any scalp treatment, especially if the individual has a pre-existing medical condition. They can help determine the best course of treatment and recommend medications and therapies that are safe and effective.
Lifestyle is also an essential factor to consider when choosing a scalp treatment for psoriasis. Individuals with busy lifestyles may prefer treatments that are easy to use and require minimal application time. Others may prefer natural remedies, such as coconut oil and tea tree oil, which can be used in conjunction with medications. By considering these factors, individuals with scalp psoriasis can find the most effective treatment plan and reduce the risk of complications.
In addition to these factors, it is also essential to read reviews and do research before choosing a scalp treatment for psoriasis. This can help individuals make informed decisions and avoid treatments that are ineffective or have harsh side effects. By working with a dermatologist and doing research, individuals with scalp psoriasis can find the best scalp treatment for their needs and improve their quality of life.
Best Scalp Treatments For Psoriasis Buying Guide
When it comes to managing psoriasis on the scalp, finding the right treatment can be a daunting task. With so many options available, it’s essential to consider several factors to ensure you choose a product that effectively alleviates your symptoms and promotes healthy scalp skin. In this buying guide, we’ll delve into the key factors to consider when selecting a scalp treatment for psoriasis, helping you make an informed decision and find the best scalp treatments for psoriasis that suits your needs.
Active Ingredients
The active ingredients in a scalp treatment for psoriasis play a crucial role in its effectiveness. Look for products that contain ingredients such as salicylic acid, coal tar, or zinc pyrithione, which have been proven to help reduce inflammation, slow down skin cell growth, and remove scales. These ingredients can help to loosen and remove scales, reducing the appearance of psoriasis plaques and promoting a healthier scalp. It’s also essential to consider any potential interactions with other medications you may be taking, so be sure to consult with your doctor or dermatologist before starting a new treatment.
When evaluating the active ingredients in a scalp treatment, consider the concentration of each ingredient and how it may affect your skin. Some products may contain a combination of ingredients, which can be beneficial for addressing multiple symptoms of psoriasis. However, it’s crucial to follow the instructions carefully and start with a small patch test to ensure you don’t have any adverse reactions to the ingredients. By choosing a product with the right active ingredients, you can help to manage your psoriasis symptoms and reduce the frequency of flare-ups.
Scalp Penetration
Scalp penetration refers to the ability of a treatment to reach the scalp skin and effectively deliver its active ingredients. A treatment that can penetrate deep into the scalp is more likely to be effective in reducing inflammation and promoting healthy skin cell growth. Look for products that are specifically designed to penetrate the scalp, such as those containing ingredients like urea or glycerin, which can help to moisturize and soften the skin. These ingredients can help to create a barrier on the scalp surface, locking in moisture and protecting the skin from further irritation.
When considering scalp penetration, think about the texture and consistency of the treatment. A lightweight, non-greasy formula can be more easily absorbed into the scalp, allowing the active ingredients to reach the affected areas more efficiently. On the other hand, a thick or heavy formula may sit on the surface of the scalp, reducing its effectiveness. By choosing a treatment that can penetrate deep into the scalp, you can help to ensure that the active ingredients are delivered directly to the affected areas, promoting faster and more effective relief from psoriasis symptoms.
Moisturizing Properties
Moisturizing properties are essential in a scalp treatment for psoriasis, as they can help to soothe and calm the skin, reducing inflammation and irritation. Look for products that contain ingredients like coconut oil, shea butter, or olive oil, which can help to lock in moisture and protect the scalp from further dryness. These ingredients can also help to reduce the appearance of scales and plaques, promoting a smoother and healthier-looking scalp. By keeping the scalp moisturized, you can help to reduce the frequency and severity of flare-ups, making it easier to manage your psoriasis symptoms.
When evaluating the moisturizing properties of a scalp treatment, consider the product’s ability to provide long-lasting hydration. A treatment that can provide sustained moisture can help to reduce the need for frequent reapplication, making it more convenient and effective in the long run. Additionally, look for products that are fragrance-free and hypoallergenic, as these can be less likely to irritate the skin and cause further inflammation. By choosing a treatment with excellent moisturizing properties, you can help to promote a healthy and balanced scalp environment, reducing the appearance of psoriasis symptoms and improving overall scalp health.
Ease of Use
The ease of use of a scalp treatment for psoriasis is an important factor to consider, as it can affect how consistently you use the product and how effective it is in managing your symptoms. Look for products that are easy to apply, either as a shampoo, cream, or oil, and that can be incorporated into your daily routine. Consider the product’s packaging and design, as well as any additional features like a built-in applicator or massager, which can make it easier to apply the treatment directly to the affected areas.
When evaluating the ease of use of a scalp treatment, think about your lifestyle and how you can incorporate the product into your daily routine. If you have a busy schedule, look for products that are quick and easy to apply, or that can be used on-the-go. Additionally, consider the product’s instructions and any potential mess or cleanup required, as these can affect how convenient the product is to use. By choosing a treatment that is easy to use and fits into your lifestyle, you can help to ensure that you use it consistently and effectively, promoting better management of your psoriasis symptoms and improved overall scalp health.
Brand Reputation
The reputation of the brand behind a scalp treatment for psoriasis can provide valuable insight into the product’s quality and effectiveness. Look for brands that have a long history of producing high-quality skincare products, and that have a strong reputation among dermatologists and healthcare professionals. Consider the brand’s commitment to research and development, as well as any certifications or endorsements from reputable organizations. These can indicate that the brand is dedicated to creating effective and safe products that meet the needs of people with psoriasis.
When evaluating the reputation of a brand, think about the product’s reviews and ratings from other users, as well as any awards or recognition the brand has received. Look for brands that are transparent about their ingredients and manufacturing processes, and that provide clear instructions and guidance on how to use their products. By choosing a product from a reputable brand, you can help to ensure that you are getting a high-quality treatment that is backed by science and expertise, promoting more effective management of your psoriasis symptoms and improved overall scalp health.
Price and Value
The price and value of a scalp treatment for psoriasis are important factors to consider, as they can affect how accessible and sustainable the product is for you. Look for products that offer a good balance of quality and price, and that provide long-lasting relief from psoriasis symptoms. Consider the product’s size and concentration, as well as any additional features or benefits, such as a money-back guarantee or loyalty program. These can help to provide more value for your money and reduce the overall cost of the product.
When evaluating the price and value of a scalp treatment, think about your budget and how much you are willing to spend on a product. Consider the product’s effectiveness and how it compares to other treatments on the market, as well as any potential savings or discounts that may be available. By choosing a product that offers a good balance of quality and price, you can help to ensure that you are getting a fair deal and that the product is a worthwhile investment in your scalp health. Additionally, look for products that are backed by a satisfaction guarantee, which can provide peace of mind and protect your investment in case the product does not meet your expectations.
FAQ
What is psoriasis and how does it affect the scalp?
Psoriasis is a chronic autoimmune condition that causes the rapid growth of skin cells, leading to thick, scaly, and inflamed patches on the skin. When it affects the scalp, it can cause redness, itching, and flaking, which can be uncomfortable and embarrassing. The symptoms of scalp psoriasis can range from mild to severe, and it can be challenging to manage without the right treatment.
The good news is that there are many effective scalp treatments available for psoriasis, including medicated shampoos, creams, and ointments. These treatments can help to reduce inflammation, slow down skin cell growth, and remove scales and flakes. In addition to these treatments, there are also lifestyle changes that can help to manage scalp psoriasis, such as reducing stress, getting enough sleep, and eating a healthy diet. By combining these approaches, it is possible to effectively manage scalp psoriasis and reduce its symptoms.
What are the different types of scalp treatments for psoriasis?
There are several different types of scalp treatments for psoriasis, including over-the-counter (OTC) and prescription medications. OTC treatments include medicated shampoos, creams, and ointments that contain ingredients such as salicylic acid, coal tar, and zinc pyrithione. These treatments can be effective for mild to moderate scalp psoriasis, but may not be strong enough for more severe cases. Prescription treatments, on the other hand, include stronger medications such as corticosteroids, vitamin D analogs, and biologics.
Prescription treatments for scalp psoriasis can be more effective than OTC treatments, but they can also have more side effects. It is essential to work with a doctor or dermatologist to determine the best course of treatment for your scalp psoriasis. They can help you to determine the severity of your condition and recommend the most effective treatment options. Additionally, they can monitor your progress and adjust your treatment plan as needed to ensure that you are getting the best possible results.
How do I choose the best scalp treatment for my psoriasis?
Choosing the best scalp treatment for your psoriasis can be overwhelming, especially with so many options available. To start, it is essential to consider the severity of your condition and the type of symptoms you are experiencing. If you have mild scalp psoriasis, an OTC treatment may be sufficient. However, if you have more severe symptoms, you may need to consider prescription treatments. It is also crucial to read reviews and do research to find a treatment that has been effective for others with similar symptoms.
It is also important to consider any allergies or sensitivities you may have when choosing a scalp treatment. Some treatments may contain ingredients that can irritate the skin or cause allergic reactions, so it is essential to read the label carefully and do a patch test before using a new treatment. Additionally, it is crucial to follow the instructions carefully and use the treatment as directed to get the best possible results. By taking the time to research and choose the right treatment, you can effectively manage your scalp psoriasis and reduce its symptoms.
Can I use natural remedies to treat my scalp psoriasis?
Yes, there are several natural remedies that can be used to treat scalp psoriasis. These remedies include ingredients such as tea tree oil, coconut oil, and apple cider vinegar, which have anti-inflammatory and antifungal properties. Some people also find that using a scalp massager or trying stress-reducing techniques such as meditation or yoga can help to manage their symptoms. However, it is essential to keep in mind that natural remedies may not be as effective as medicated treatments, and they may not be suitable for everyone.
It is also important to note that while natural remedies can be helpful, they should not be used as a replacement for medical treatment. If you have severe scalp psoriasis, it is essential to work with a doctor or dermatologist to develop a treatment plan that includes medicated treatments. Natural remedies can be used in conjunction with medicated treatments to help manage symptoms and promote healing. By combining natural remedies with medical treatment, you can effectively manage your scalp psoriasis and reduce its symptoms.
How long does it take to see results from a scalp treatment for psoriasis?
The amount of time it takes to see results from a scalp treatment for psoriasis can vary depending on the severity of your condition and the type of treatment you are using. Some treatments, such as medicated shampoos, can start to work within a few days, while others, such as prescription medications, may take several weeks or even months to produce results. It is essential to be patient and consistent when using a scalp treatment, as it can take time to see the full benefits.
It is also important to keep in mind that scalp psoriasis is a chronic condition, and it may take some trial and error to find the right treatment. You may need to try several different treatments before finding one that works for you, and you may need to adjust your treatment plan over time as your symptoms change. By working with a doctor or dermatologist and being patient and consistent, you can find a treatment that helps to manage your scalp psoriasis and reduce its symptoms.
Are there any side effects associated with scalp treatments for psoriasis?
Yes, there are several side effects associated with scalp treatments for psoriasis. These side effects can range from mild to severe and can include skin irritation, itching, and redness. Some treatments, such as corticosteroids, can also have more serious side effects, such as thinning of the skin, acne, and increased risk of infection. It is essential to read the label carefully and follow the instructions carefully to minimize the risk of side effects.
It is also important to work with a doctor or dermatologist to monitor your progress and adjust your treatment plan as needed. They can help you to identify any side effects and adjust your treatment plan to minimize them. Additionally, they can help you to weigh the benefits and risks of different treatments and make informed decisions about your care. By being aware of the potential side effects and working with a healthcare professional, you can minimize the risks associated with scalp treatments for psoriasis and find a treatment that is safe and effective.
Verdict
In conclusion, managing psoriasis on the scalp can be a challenging and frustrating experience, but with the right treatment, it is possible to achieve significant relief and improvement. The key to effective management lies in finding a treatment that not only alleviates symptoms but also promotes overall scalp health. By considering the various options available, individuals can take the first step towards regaining control over their condition and improving their quality of life. Whether it’s a medicated shampoo, cream, or oil, the right treatment can make all the difference in reducing inflammation, itching, and flaking associated with psoriasis.
Ultimately, the best scalp treatments for psoriasis offer a powerful combination of soothing ingredients, moisturizing properties, and proven efficacy in reducing symptoms. By selecting a treatment that meets their individual needs and preferences, individuals can enjoy a healthier, more comfortable scalp and reduce the impact of psoriasis on their daily lives. With the numerous options available, it’s essential to conduct thorough research, read reviews, and consult with a healthcare professional to find the most suitable treatment. By doing so, individuals can take a significant step towards managing their psoriasis and achieving a better quality of life, free from the discomfort and distress associated with this condition.